Violin Vs Viola: 7 Major Differences That Every Artist Should Know

There are two string instruments that people confuse a lot which are Violins and Violas. Even though they look similar, there are some distinctive differences.

Violins and Violas are quite similar in both their appearance and performance. However, these similar-sounding string instruments have some major differences which make their utility applied differently in music. While a lot of people consider them as the same instrument; the distinctive differences make them stand out. If you are also a string instrumentalist and looking forward to exploring the differences between these twin instruments; check out the seven avenues given below.

1. Size of the Instrument

The violin is one of the smallest string instruments which is noticeable in the orchestra and in other musical arrangements as well. On the other, hand Viola is a slightly bigger instrument and then there is the cello and the biggest one is the double bass. However, the viola and violin both have similar dimensions and shapes which causes confusion.

Violin has a smaller body which is around 36 cm and it can produce a brighter tone. They are mainly sized in ratios or fractions such as ½, ¼, 1/8, 1/16, and also ¾. It also consists of a slimmer neck. Viola on the other hand is a full-sized instrument that is mainly 39 to 41cm long on average. Instead of fractions, the sizing method is inches in this case. Make sure to check the dimensions of the cover for your viola.

2. Strings

Violins and violas both are tuned in the fifths but for viola, it is lower fifth. In easier words, the violin is tuned with a scale arrangement of G-D-A-E but for violas it is C-G-D-A. However, the material of the strings can be the same for both instruments. It is mainly made with a synthetic core with metal winding that produces that fine sound yet changes based on the size, shape, and scales of the instrument.

The gauge of the strings is different in both cases. For violins, thinner and shorter strings are used that come with a lighter tension. For Viola, it requires more pressure in order to create a deeper tone. As a result, a softer, stickier rosin is preferable to violists but the violinists can go for a lighter, harder rosin. It can vary based on the personal choices of the artist.

3. Bow

The bows are made with the same basic setup for both instruments where synthetic or natural horsehair is attached to the bendy rod. There’s the frog that allows you to tighten or loosen it while playing the instrument. Violin bows are usually longer and thinner which allows artists to make creative solos. And viola bows on the other hand are heavier and shorter which helps to add additional pressure on the thicker strings and creates a heavy sound. If you notice the frogs well, you will find a little difference in both cases. The violin bow has a lightweight frog with a straight edge but the Viola frogs seek extra weight and it consists of curved edges.

4. Sound

Violins and violas are capable of producing different notes based on their different string tuning. But the change in pitch is not the only difference in sound. Both of the instruments utilize the same principle where strings vibrate the air inside the chamber. Therefore, the sound also depends on the strings and the volume of air that helps to produce the sound.

Violins are shorter in size but they can produce a clearer sound with clarity. It can create a piercing tone that is capable of standing out in orchestra or other arrangements and makes it sound bright. In contrast, violas have a bigger chamber where air resonates slowly and creates a heavier sound.

5. Clef

There are a total of four clefs regularly used in modern music namely, alto, tenor, treble, and bass. In general, the violins are used for treble clef (aka the G clef). It is the most common clef used in music. But for Violas, it mainly uses the alto clef which is also a C clef along with tenor and soprano.

6. Position in the Orchestra

Though violas do not receive their undeserved reputation as many call it an ‘easy instrument’. Viola players sit right in the middle of the orchestra along with cellos and the violins. The viola player must pay close attention to the conductor or the maestro as it comes with slower articulation and thicker strings.

Violins are more flexible in this case as they can fit anywhere in the orchestra. It mainly stays on the right side of the stage of the arrangement and the second violin section is often placed right next to it. Though this is a common arrangement, it can change based on the conductor and the musical arrangement.

7. Role

Violins are considered to be the star of the show and there are literally countless written compositions based on violins. The instrument has always managed to showcase its strident tone and that is why it is more used for solos than melody. But Violas on the other hand are perfect for melodies which creates a hefty tune. The higher pitch of the instrument helps to continue the resonance making it stand out in a large orchestra. Violas create a warmer tone that helps in harmonies. 

Final Thoughts

Violin and viola both are quite important for orchestra and intriguing musical arrangements. Both of the instruments have their set of differences and a handful of similarities as well. It is safe to say that violin is more famous than violas.